Psychomotor

=__**Psychomotor Domain**__ =

The psychomotor domain (Simpson, 1972) includes physical movement, coordination, and use of the motor-skill areas. Development of these skills requires practice and is measured in terms of speed, precision, distance, procedures, or techniques in execution. The seven major categories are listed from the simplest behavior to the most complex:

**Key Words**: chooses, describes, detects, differentiates, distinguishes, identifies, isolates, relates, selects. || **Key Words**: begins, displays, explains, moves, proceeds, reacts, shows, states, volunteers. || **Key Words**: copies, traces, follows, react, reproduce, responds || **Key Words**: assembles, calibrates, constructs, dismantles, displays, fastens, fixes, grinds, heats, manipulates, measures, mends, mixes, organizes, sketches. || **Key Words**: assembles, builds, calibrates, constructs, dismantles, displays, fastens, fixes, grinds, heats, manipulates, measures, mends, mixes, organizes, sketches. NOTE: The Key Words are the same as Mechanism, but will have adverbs or adjectives that indicate that the performance is quicker, better, more accurate, etc. || **Key Words**: adapts, alters, changes, rearranges, reorganizes, revises, varies. || **Key Words**: arranges, builds, combines, composes, constructs, creates, designs, initiate, makes, originates. ||
 * ====Category ==== || ====Example and Key Words (verbs) ==== ||
 * **Perception**: The ability to use sensory cues to guide motor activity. This ranges from sensory stimulation, through cue selection, to translation. || **Examples**: Detects non-verbal communication cues. Estimate where a ball will land after it is thrown and then moving to the correct location to catch the ball. Adjusts heat of stove to correct temperature by smell and taste of food. Adjusts the height of the forks on a forklift by comparing where the forks are in relation to the pallet.
 * **Set**: Readiness to act. It includes mental, physical, and emotional sets. These three sets are dispositions that predetermine a person's response to different situations (sometimes called mindsets). || **Examples**: Knows and acts upon a sequence of steps in a manufacturing process. Recognize one's abilities and limitations. Shows desire to learn a new process (motivation). NOTE: This subdivision of Psychomotor is closely related with the “Responding to phenomena” subdivision of the Affective domain.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Guided Response**: The early stages in learning a complex skill that includes imitation and trial and error. Adequacy of performance is achieved by practicing. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Examples**: Performs a mathematical equation as demonstrated. Follows instructions to build a model. Responds hand-signals of instructor while learning to operate a forklift.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Mechanism**: This is the intermediate stage in learning a complex skill. Learned responses have become habitual and the movements can be performed with some confidence and proficiency. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Examples**: Use a personal computer. Repair a leaking faucet. Drive a car.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Complex Overt Response**: The skillful performance of motor acts that involve complex movement patterns. Proficiency is indicated by a quick, accurate, and highly coordinated performance, requiring a minimum of energy. This category includes performing without hesitation, and automatic performance. For example, players are often utter sounds of satisfaction or expletives as soon as they hit a tennis ball or throw a football, because they can tell by the feel of the act what the result will produce. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Examples**: Maneuvers a car into a tight parallel parking spot. Operates a computer quickly and accurately. Displays competence while playing the piano.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Adaptation**: Skills are well developed and the individual can modify movement patterns to fit special requirements. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Examples**: Responds effectively to unexpected experiences. Modifies instruction to meet the needs of the learners. Perform a task with a machine that it was not originally intended to do (machine is not damaged and there is no danger in performing the new task).
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Origination**: Creating new movement patterns to fit a particular situation or specific problem. Learning outcomes emphasize creativity based upon highly developed skills. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Examples**: Constructs a new theory. Develops a new and comprehensive training programming. Creates a new gymnastic routine.